延迟退休政策对我国青年就业的影响研究基于老年就业参与的分析视角

——基于老年就业参与的分析视角

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[中图分类号]D432.6；F249.2 [文献标识码］A [文章编号]1008-1763（2025）06-0053-10

A Study on the Impact of the Delayed Retirement Policy on Youth Employment in China

From the Perspective of Senior Employment Participation

WANG Dan，LUO Zhangsong （School ofMarxism，Dalian MaritimeUniversity，Dalian1l6o26，China）

Abstract：Taking the employment data of young and elderly people in 19 industry categories from China Population & Employment Statistical Yearbook between 2Ol3—2023 as the sample，this paper studies the impact and mechanism of the delayed retirement policy on the youth employment participation rate in China. The study found that the employment participation rate of the elderly has a crowding-out effect on that of the youth，and it is most significant for young people aged 2O—24. The increase in the employment participation rate of elderly males willinhibit the employment participation rate of young males to a certain extent;the increase of the employment participation rate of elderly females will inhibit female youth employment participation rate to a certain extent. An increase in the employment participation rate of elderly willcrowd out youth employment opportunities and also raise the average salary in the industry， thereby lowering the youth employment participation rate. In this regard，China should encourage youth innovation and entrepreneurship to drive employment through entrepreneurship;youth employment security should be strengthened and unemployment relief system should be improved;and jobs in key areas and emerging industries should be expanded.

Key words： delayed retirement； population ageing; young people; older people; employment

研究背景与问题的提出

随着生活水平的提高和医疗条件的改善，全球人口死亡率逐渐下降，预期寿命也相应延长。（剩余15958字）