高密度城市澳门人行道轮椅无障碍环境评估体系构建研究

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Research on Establishing an Evaluation Framework for Wheelchair Accessibility of Sidewalks in High-Density City Macao

TIAN Yipeng， MENG Lingchao*，TANG Xiao， ZHU Tingyu， ZHANG Yihua

基金项目：广东省高等教育学会“十四五”规划2024年度高等教育研究课题“适应社会需求的景观人才培养模式探索：景观设计专业课程转型思考”（编号：24GYB222）；研究基金“高密度城市澳门街区长者疗愈空间设计研究”（编号：FRG-24-032-FA）

Abstract

Keywords

Asa typical high-density city with constrained spatial resourcesand accelerating population ageing， Macao faces complex and urgent demands for improving sidewalk wheelchair accessibility，necessitatingasystematicevaluation frameworktoguide targeted interventions underresource constraints.Thisstudy developed a three-dimensionalevaluation model comprising Importance，Evaluability，and Retrofittability dimensions. Using the Fuzzy Delphi Method and Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP），the study identified10 indicators across two dimensions： physicalattributes and supporting facility attributes.Weights were then assigned to each indicator.According to the classification resultsof the three-dimensional model： Sidewalk width，pavement material，and manhole cover flatness scored high acrossallthree dimensions， identifying themaspriorityrenovation targets.Longitudinal slopeand curbdesignexhibit high importanceand evaluability but lowretrofittability.Given topographicand technical constraints， phased renovation is recommended.Convenience facilities，with low importance but high evaluabilityand retrofittbility，offer cost-effective opportunities toenhance publicsatisfaction. Wayfinding systems exhibit low importance and evaluability but high retrofittability，and can be readily improved through signage updates. Greening and safety facilities exhibit low scores acrossall three dimensions.Given stringent ecological and safety regulations，maintaining currentmanagement practices is recommended.Tailored improvement strategiesare proposed for each indicator category.

Accessibility;Sidewalk; Highdensity city; Urban renewal; Three-dimensionalevaluation model

收稿日期：2025-05-30

修回日期：2025-07-23

文章亮点

1）创新构建“重要性－可评估性－可改造性”三维评估模型，整合物理环境与支持设施属性，解决指标碎片化问题；2）结合模糊德尔菲法与层次分析法，筛选10项核心指标并精准赋权，明确优先改造对象；3）聚焦高密度城市特性，提供差异化改造策略，为资源有限情况下的精准更新提供科学支撑。（剩余14478字）