H5亚型流感病毒对人类和哺乳动物健康的威胁分析

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中图分类号：S852.659.5；S851.3 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0366-6964（2025）09-4232-09

Analysis of the Threat Posed to Human and Mammalian Health by H5 Subtype Influenza Virus

SUI Jinyu1，23，WU Yunpu4，LI Chao1，23，WANG Suchun1，23， PAN Junhu 1，2，3 ，QI Qian WEI Shimeng1，2.3， WANG Kaicheng1，2.3 *

（1. China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center，Qingdao 266032，China ; 2. Key Laboratory of Animal Biosafty Risk Prevention and Control （South），Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs，Qingdao 266o32，China ; 3. Key Laboratory of Animal Biosafty， Qingdao City，Qingdao 266032，China ; 4. College of Laboratory Animal Medicine， Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine， Shenyang 1lO847，China）

Abstract： Highly pathogenic avian influenza （HPAI） H5 viruses have circulated in wild birds， causing widespread avian influenza outbreaks across various regions globally and significant economic losses to the poultry industry. Simultaneously， this subtype is persistently crossing species barriers and causing infections in a wide range of mammalian species，as well as in humans. In 2O24，an unprecedented outbreak of HPAI H5Nl in dairy herds occurred in the USA，with the virus spreading within and between herds，and spilling over into humans，cats and poultry，which together indicated an increased public health risk. Here we present an overview of the evolution and epidemiology of H5 influenza viruses，examining the current dynamics of infection in both mammals and humans，and providing reference for the prevention

and control of its public health and safety risks.

Keywords：avian influenza virus；H5；species transmission；public health ∗ Corresponding author： WANG Kaicheng，E-mail： wangkaicheng@cahec. cn

禽流感病毒（avianinfluenzavirus，AIV属于正黏病毒科A型流感病毒属，H5亚型高致病性禽流感病毒（highly pathogenic avian influenza virus，HPAIV是目前分布最广泛的AIV，在全球多个国家和地区引发家禽和野鸟禽流感（avianinfluenza，AI疫情[]。（剩余18149字）