血管平滑肌细胞在动脉粥样硬化中的作用

中图分类号：R543.5；R331.3+2 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2097-7174（2025）10-1009-08

DOI：10.3969/j. issn.2097-7174.2025.10.017

Abstract：Vascular smooth musclecell（VSMC）are the main cellar components of the mediallayer of arteries.Under physiologicalconditions，VSMCexhibitowmigrationand proliferationcapabilities，andpossessstrongcontractileabilities， whichhelpmaintainvascularelasticityandstructural integrity.Recentadvancementsinlineagetracingandsingle-cell sequencing technologies have significantlydeepened theunderstandingof smoth muscle cels.VSMC playacritical role inthedevelopmentofardioasculardseasessuchasatheroscerosis（AS），ypertensionascularcacificationdoic aneurysms.Thephenotypic transformation，proliferation，migration，inflammatory responses，and thesynthesis and secretionofextracellularmatrixbyVSMChaveallbeenconfirmed tobecloselyrelatedtotheprogressionofatherosclerosis. Furthermore，the processesofautophagy，senescence，anddeathofVSMCalso haveasignificantimpactonAS.Thisarticle reviewsthecharacteristicsofVSMCandthe impactof theirdynamicchangesonAS，inorder toprovidenew ideas for the clinical treatment of AS.

KeyWords：Vascularsmooth muscle cell；Atherosclerosis；Phenotypic switching；Cardiovascularand cerebrovascular diseases

动脉粥样硬化（Atherosclerosis，AS）是一种慢性炎症性血管疾病，其发生过程涉及多个关键事件：血管壁脂质堆积、氧化低密度脂蛋白损伤内皮细胞、炎症因子趋化因子募集单核细胞诱导巨噬细胞形成、巨噬细胞过载脂质形成泡沫细胞、血管平滑肌细胞（Vascularsmoothmusclecell，VSMC）表型转换、增殖、迁移及斑块形成等。（剩余19252字）