嗅觉检查技术在帕金森病早期诊断中的应用

关键词：中枢神经系统疾病；帕金森病；嗅觉测量法

中图分类号：R742.5文献标志码：A文章编号：1001-5779（2025）06-0602-08

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1001-5779.2025.06.016

The application of olfactory examination technology in the early diagnosis of Parkinson'sdisease

WENXin'，LAI Yan-wei² （1.The First Clinical Medical School of Gannan Medical University；2. Department of Neurology， The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University，Ganzhou，Jiangxi ）

Abstract：Parkinson'sdisease（PD）isa kindof neurodegenerative lesioninthecentralnervous system.Its mainclinical manifestations includerestingtremor，bradykinesia，musclerigidity，posturaland balance disordersandother motor symptoms.Besides，itmayalsopresent witholfactorydisorders，sensorydisorders，swalowingdisorders，sleepdisorders， andautonomic nerve dysfunctionasnon-motor symptoms.Among them，olfactorydisorders maybetheearliestand most common non-motor symptom.Therefore，olfactory examination can provideabasis for the earlydiagnosis of Parkinson's disease.Thisarticlemainly elaborates onthe latest progressof olfactory examination techniques at homeand abroad.The resultsof literaturereview showthat subjective examination methods includevarious olfactory scales，odorrecognition tests，olfactory sticks，etc.Objective examination methodsinclude imaging examinationsand electrophysiological examinations.Due toregionalandcultural diferences，high costsandotherreasons，theseexaminationshave not been popularized in clinical practice at present and still need further exploration.

Key words：Central nervous system disease；Parkinson's disease；Olfactometry

帕金森病（Parkinson'sdisease，PD）是由于中脑黑质多巴胺能神经元的变性死亡，引起纹状体多巴胺含量显著减少而致病，其主要的临床表现为运动症状，如静止性震颤、运动迟缓、肌强直、姿势平衡障碍等，除此之外，嗅觉障碍、感觉障碍、睡眠障碍等非运动症状也是PD的主要症状。（剩余17317字）