强雨雪天气成因及相态转换特征分析

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中图分类号 S166.8 文献标识码A 文章编号 1007-7731（2025）16-0093-04

DOI号10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.16.020

AbstractThecausesof the heavyrainandsnow weather that occurrd in Chifeng City，Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from April 27 to 29，2024，as wellas the characteristics of precipitation phase changes during this processand suggestions for agricultural production were analyzed，using observation data from Tianqing （a meteorological big data cloud platform），ERA5 reanalysis data，and MICAPS conventional data，from the perspectives of circulation situation and water vapor conditions.The results showed that this weather process presented acomplex phase transition fromrain tosleet to snow，with characteristics such aslongduration，wide impactrange，and largecumulative precipitation.In termsof circulationsituation，thecouplingof highand low-level jets，combined withthelow-level vortex shearline，surfaceinvertedtrough，and frontal zone，providedfavorableconditions forthe heavyrain and snow.In terms of water vapor conditions，the 7OO hPa southwest jet continuously transported water vapor，and thespecific humidity in thesouthernregionreached4g/kg，meting the watervaporstandardfor heavy snow.In termsof precipitation phase，the formation of a near-surface cold pad and changes in temperature stratification dominated the precipitation phase transition，and the thicknessand intensityof the melting layer hadan obvious impact on the phase transition.Inresponse to the heavyrain andsnow weather，itis suggested thatfarmers reasonablyadjustthe temperature and humidityin greenhouses，agriculturalareas strengthen field management，anddoagood job incold protectionand heat preservation. This study provides a reference for relevant weather analysis.

Keywordsrain-snow transition; precipitation phase; circulation situation; agricultural production

雨雪等灾害性天气对农业生产、交通运输等社会经济活动构成直接威胁，其引发的道路结冰、城市内涝等问题对公共安全与生态系统稳定性产生不利影响。（剩余5148字）