高原路侧草地土壤重金属空间分布特征及生态风险评价

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中图分类号 X53 文献标识码A 文章编号 1007-7731（2025）16-0069-07

DOI号 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.16.016

AbstractTo explore the spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals in grassland soil along the plateau highways，thesoilsamplesfromthetypical national highway grassand inthestudyarea were selectedastheresearch object.Thecontents of six heavy metals （Pb，Zn，Cu，Cd，Niand Cr）inthe soil were studied，andtheir spatial distribution characteristics and patterns were analyzedto evaluate the soil heavy metal polutionand potential ecological risks. The results showed that the Pb content in the surface soil （O-1O cm） increased with the increase of the distance fromthe road.At diferent distances，Niand Cr tended to accumulate inthelowerlayer，whilePb，Znand Cd tended to accumulate in the surface layer.The stability of Pb and Cu in soil along the highway was relatively poor，whichwas greatly affcted bytraffic activities，while the stabilityof Cd wasrelatively good.There was a highly significant positive correlation between Cu， Pb and Zn （P<0.01） ，and a significant positive correlation between Pb ，Cr and Cu （ P <0.05）. The heavy metals Pb，Cd，Ni，CrandCu in the surface soil of grassandalong the road all reached the pollutionlevel.The degree of heavy metal pollution inthegrassandsoil at differentdistances wasrelativelyhigh，andthepotential ecological riskof heavymetals inthesoil wasslightto moderate.As the economyand tourism are developingrapidly，the potentialecologicalriskofsoilheavy metalpolutionwillincrease with growing trafic volume.Therefore，the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in grassand soil along the highway should be given due attention.

KeywordsNorthwest Sichuan Plateau; grassland; soil heavy metals;spatial distribution characteristics; ecological risk

1材料与方法

草地生态系统不仅是发展畜牧业的物质基础，而且在水源保护、水土保持和气候调节等方面发挥着重要作用。（剩余8416字）