从全国肉牛产业发展形势分析广东省种业未来

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中图分类号： 5823.9+2 （2 文献标识码：A文章编码：1005-8567（2025）04-0105-05

Abstract：This study delineates the evolving dynamics betweencattle inventory and beef production in China， whilehighlightingtheupwardtrajectoryofdomesticbefconsumptionand theincreasingrelianceonimports.Fromthe perspectiveof germplasmresource introduction，it examines the influence of livecatle and frozen semen importson thebroaderdevelopmentof thebefindustry.Integrating insightsfromthemarketcirculationsystem，thepaperfurther dissects thevolatility paterns within the fresh beef consumption market.Focusing specifically on Guangdong Province，the paper evaluates the current state ofthebeef catle sectorthrough three analytical lenses：the imbalance insupplyanddemand，thedegreeof large-scale farming，andthedistinctivecharacteristicsofregionaldairycattle farming models.Itidentifies critical chalengesfacing theprovincialcatlebreeding industry，includingashortageof high-qualitygeneticstock，weak foundational infrastructure in breeding systems，misalignment between breeding objectives and thediversified demandsofthe market，and insufficientprotectionandutilizationof indigenous cattle germplasm resources.Building upon the analysis of these structural botlenecks，the paper proposes a systematic development pathway.This includes the establishmentofa province-wide elitebreeding system，targeted enhancement of genetic improvement technologies，thedevelopmentof intelligent innovationplatforms for germplasmadvancement， andtheidentification of genetic markersassociated with desirable traits.Together，these measuresaimto provide a scientific foundation forthe high-qualityandsustainable developmentof Guangdong's beef cattle breeding industry.

Keywords：Beef Cattle Industry；Guangdong’sBeef Cattle Germplasm Industry；Breeding Strategies; Indigenous Cattle Breeds；Technological Framework

1我国肉牛产业迎来新变化

1.1我国肉牛存栏量的急剧下降，反向助推产肉量的非良性增长

本世纪初的前十年间，全国牛存栏量呈现下降趋势，而肉牛出栏量和牛肉产量出现增长，这主要是黄牛的用途从役用转为肉用，且持续不断地杂交改良的结果；2010-2015年间，全国牛存栏量和出栏量同步小幅下降，而牛肉产量反向增长，这是杂交改良进一步提升的成果；2016－2023年期间，全国肉牛产量与牛存栏量和出栏量整体呈现同步增长趋势（图1和2），这一时期快大型商品牛在全国扩大生产[1-2]。（剩余6325字）