论违法发放贷款罪的罪过形式

【中图分类号】D924.33 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2095-7009（2026)02-0090-10

On Forms of Culpability for Crime of Illegally Loan Issuance

YUAN Zi-yi,WU Lin-sheng (School of Law ，Zhengzhou University，Zhengzhou 45OoO1，China)

Abstract:Curent traditional views in China on the formof culpability for the crime of ilegal loan issuance encompass threedoctrines：the“holistic intent theory”，the“holistic negligence theory”，andthe“compound culpabilitytheory”.To address the shortcomings of the“holistic intent theory”，scholars have proposed revised perspectives such as the“intentional infringementofformal legal interests theory”,the“objectivesurmountableelements theory”,the“theoryofquantitative elements of crime”，the“dominant culpabilitytheory”，andthe“concurrent culpabilitytheory”.However，none of thesedoctrines satisfactorilyresolvetheinterpretationoftheculpability form forthecrimeofillgalloanissuance, leading todifficulties inachieving unifiedjudicial determinations.Byreviewing existing theoreticalapproaches toresolving complexculpability forms，it becomes evident thatthe traditional“whole-ofenseanalysis model”suffers from inherent limitations，resulting in reduced eficacyandanalytical failure when applied tocases involving intricate culpability forms. To addressthis，this paper seeks to transcend the constraints of existing theories by introducing an“elemental analysis model”to beter resolve the challenges in determining the culpability form of the crime ofillegalloan issuance.

Key words:crime of illegal loan issuance; form of culpability; elemental analysis model

一、问题的提出

违法发放贷款犯罪，最早见于1995年的《全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于惩治破坏金融秩序犯罪的决定》（以下简称《决定》)，该《决定》通过两款条文对不同行为情形予以界定。（剩余17330字）