我国枣种质叶表型遗传多样性分析

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中图分类号：S722 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000-2006（2026）02-0067-11

Abstract：【Objective】This study aims to reveal the phenotypic diversityof leaf traits in jujube germplasm resources， providing atheoretical basis fortheintroduction，evaluationandutilizationof superior germplasm.【Method】Thirteen leaf phenotypic traitswere measured in247 jujubegermplasm accessons.Descriptive statistics，corelationanalysis， Shannon-Wiener diversityindex （H′）， principal component analysis（PCA），and Ward'smethod-based hierarchical clusteringanalysis wasemployed to investigatethevariationpattrns ofleaf phenotypes.【Result】Theleaf phenotypic traitsof thetestedjujube germplasmexhibitedsubstantialvariation，withpetiolelengthshowingthehighestcoeffcintof variation.The Shannon-Wiener diversity index（ H′ ）ranged from 1.67 to 2.08 ，indicatingrich geneticdiversity. Correlation analysis revealed that leaf length was significantly positively correlated（ P<0.01 ）withleafwidth，petiole length，leaf area，and leaf perimeter，while it was significantly negatively correlated（ P<0.05 ）withleaf angle.PCA extracted four principal components，with a cumulative comtribution rate of 83.19% ，among which leaf perimeter， chroma （ ⋅c* ），leaf length-to-width ratio，andlightness （L*） .Cluster analysis（Ward's method）classified the germplasm intosix major groups：long-petiole large-angle type，large-leaf-area type，short-petiole smal-leaf type，smal收稿日期Received：2025-03-07 修回日期Accepted：2025-05-30 leaf yellowish type（low L* ，high b* ），low-hue-angle type（low h* ），and broad-leaf dark-green type （ Δhighc* ，low h* ）.【Conclusion】The 247 jujube germplasm accesions exhibited extensive phenotypic variation and high genetic diversity.Theleaflength-to-width ratio，leaf perimeter，chroma，andlightnesscanserveascoreindicatorsfor evaluating jujubegermplasmresources.Theintegrateddiversityanalysisandclustering resultsprovidecritical insightsfor germplasm asessment.Thisstudyestablishesatheoretical foundationfortheintroduction，domestication，genetic ideutification and evaluation，and innovation of jujube germplasm.

Keywords：jujube（Ziziphus jujuba）leaf；germplasm resources；phenotypic diversity；principal component analysis （PCA）; cluster analysis

植物表型性状多样性是植物种群在分布区域内表型的变异特征，其形成受植物遗传因子和环境因子共同调控[1-2]，可作为表征物种间遗传变异的重要依据[3]，用于评估植物的产量、抗性等特征。（剩余15112字）