河南20个鲜食枣品种的果实品质评价

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中图分类号：S665.1;S718 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000-2006（2026）02-0057-10

Abstract：【Objective】Thisstudyaims toinvestigatethediferences infruitqualityamong diferentjujubegermplasm resources，soastoprovidingascientificbasis forthebreedingand improvementof jujube varieties，andfortheselection ofcultivatedvarieties in HenanProvince.【Method】Mature fruitsof2O main jujube cultivars in Huang-Huai region were usedas experimental materials.Eightqualityindicatorswereanalyzedusing principal component analysis（PCA）and clusteranalysis，andthe expressionlevelsoffive genesrelatedto fruit qualitytraits were detectedbyqRT-PCR.【Result】 Significant diferences were observed in the phenotypic traitsof fruits among the cultivars：‘Shiyuehong'hadthe largest single fruitweight （ 16.79g ），‘Lajiaozao’had the highest fruit shape index（2.62），‘Songxian Dazao’had thehighest hardness（12.O3 N），‘Beijing Benzao’had the highest soluble solid content（mass fraction 34.95% ），and‘Jixinhong Ξ6′ hadthehighesttitratableacidcontent（volumefraction 0.767% ）.Correlationanalysisshowed thatfruit hardnesswas significantlypositivelycorrelatedwithbritleness.Solublesolidcontent wassignificantlypositivelycorrelaedwith soluble sugarcontent，butsignificantlynegativelycorrelatedwithsinglefruit weightand transversediameter.Inaddition，single fruit weightwassignificantlypositivelycorrelatedwith transversediameter，while fruit typeindexwassignificantly negativelycorrelatedwithtransversediameterandsignificantlypositivelycorelatedwithverticaldiameter.Gene expresionanalysis revealed significant diferences intheexpression levelsofquality-related genesamong cultivars.For example，theexpressionlevel of the sugar metabolism-related geneZj.jzO36789032in‘Jixinzao’wasabout15O times higherthanthatof‘Beijing Benzao'.【Conclusion】Significantdiferenceswerefoundinthefruitquality traitsofthe20 jujubecultivars studied.These cultivars can bedivided intothree categories：high hardnessandhigh acidity，high sugar andlowacidity，andlowsinglefruit weightandlowhardnessThefruitcharacteristicsofthethreetypesaresignificantly different，indicatingdistinct edible andmarket values.

Keywords：jujube cultivars；quality traits；gene expression;correlation analysis；quality evaluation；Henan Province

枣（Ziziphus jujuba）原产我国，是传统的三大木本粮树种和特色果树之一，全国种植面积约120万 hm2 ，年产量约800万 t[1] 。（剩余19752字）