重茬及种植密度对切花向日葵农艺性状及经济效益的影响

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关键词：切花向日葵；重茬；种植密度；农艺性状；瓶插期；产出率；经济效益中图分类号：S565.5 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2097-2172（2025）11-1045-07doi：10.3969/j.issn.2097-2172.2025.11.012

Effects of Continuous Cropping and Planting Density on Agronomic Traits and Economic Benefits of Cut Sunflowers

DUAN Yu， TIANJing， ZHAO Weilin，HOU Jianxia，PENG Haihong，WEI Linxi， CAI Ziwen （ZhangyeWatersavingAgricultureExperimentalStation，GansuAcademyofAgriculturalSciences，ZhangyeGansu34oia）

Abstract：Bystudyingtheefectsofconsecutivecroppng timesandplantingdensityonthequalityandeconomic benefitsof cutsunflowers，weaimtoobtaintheoptimalconsecutivecroppinganddensityplantingpatem，therebymaximizingtheconomic benefitsperunitareaofcutsunflowers，andprovidingabasisforthecultivationofcutsunflowersintheHexiiigationdistrict. UsingthecutsunflowervarietyVincent2asthetest material，asplit-plotdesign wasadopted.Themainplotfactorwascontinuous cropingfrequency：Otimes，1time，and2times.Thesubplotfactorwasplantingdensity：13340Oplants/ha，10oplants/ha 80000 plants/ha，6660plants/haand572OOplants/a.Theefectsofcontinuouscropingfrequencyandplantingdensityonthe phenologicalperiodagronomictraits，vaselife，marketablecutfloweryieldrate，andeconomicbenefitsofcutsunflowerswere explored.Resultsshowedthatanincreaseincontinuouscroppingfrequencysignificantlyshortenedthegowthperiodandoamental floweringperiodofcutsunflowers，reducedagronomictraitindicatorssuchasplantheight，stemdiameter，leafsizeayfloret diameter，andinflorescencediameter，andledtoasignificantdecreaseinhemarketablecutfloweryieldrate.Reducingplanting densityalleviatedeatietsoftiousopngofloergowthprovinsteameteeste andmarketablecutfloweryieldate.Vase lifewasnotaffctedbycontinuouscroppingordensityEconomicbenefitswerejointly influencedbycontinuouscroppnganddensity.Fornocontinuouscropping，high-densityplanting（13340Oplants/ha）was recommended，fooetieoftiosopngdesitylatig（oplas/aascomended，ndfor of continuouscroping，medium-to-lowdensityplanting（8ooooplants/ha）wasrecommendedtomaximizenetincome，whichcould achievethe maximum netretums of 235907.9Yuan/ha，160733.3Yuan/ha，and59586.7Yuan/ha，respectively.

KeyWords：Cut sunflower; Continuouscropping; Density;Agronomic trait; Vase life; Yieldrate; Economic benefit

向日葵（HelianthusannuusL.）是菊科向日葵属一年生草本植物，原产于北美洲，在世界各地均有栽培。（剩余8832字）