莫高窟第285窟龙衔壁翼图像考辨

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中图分类号：K879.21 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-4106（2025）05-0052-13

Abstract;EachofthefourcornersoftheceilinginMogaoCave285isdecoratedwiththeimageofananimal-facedcreature holdingapendentoramentinitsmouth.Acomprehensivestudyofthecaveindicatesthat theseanimal-facedimagesareneither thetraditionalChinesetaotie餐（monstercommonlyfoundonancientChinesebronzeritualvessels），aspreviousgeneations ofscholarsbelieved，nortekitimukha（meaning“faceofglory"）motifthatoriginatedinIndia，utratheracombinationofChinesedragons withabisha（atypeoffan-shapedomament）.This imagecombinationwasfrstobservedindesignsontheringed doorknockersinHanandJindynastytombart，andinimagesofdragons from theNortherDynasties.For thesereasons，itis moreappropriate thatthis motif shouldbecaled“animageofadragonholdingabishainitsmouth.”The functionofthe motif inancientsites wastoserveasaguardianofthecaves，andasaguidefortheascensionofthesoul.Furtherstudyofthismageis importantounderstandingteistoryofeligiousartinteregio，asthertistcstyleoftemotifcametoexertasignificantinfluence on the creation of the ceiling paintings and canopies in the caves of later periods.

Keywords：Mogao Grottoes; Cave285;dragon images;images offan-shaped ornaments;Pure Landreincarnation

第285窟是莫高窟北朝时期唯一有明确纪年的洞窟，对莫高窟北朝时期的洞窟断代具有标尺作用。（剩余13987字）