密度对露地直播春棉经济性状的影响

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Planting Density on Economic Traits of Spring open-field directseededcotton

DONG Ling-yan， LI Feng-rui， SHI Jia-liang， ZHAO Wen-chao， WANG Ru-ming， ZHANG Dong-lou， QI Hong-xin， ZHANG Ai-min， YANG Xiu-feng

DezhouAcademyofAgricultural Sciences，Dezhou，China

Abstract： To determine theoptimal varieties and planting densitiesforspring open-field direct-seededcotonin Northwester Shandong，aswellas tomitigateplasticflmpollution，thisexperimentadoptsatwo-fctorrndomzedblockdesignusingfour conventionalspringcotonvarietis （strains）-Demian10，Demian13，Demian14，andDemian16asexperimentalaterials， with three density treatments： high（ 9×104 plants·ha-1）， medium （ 6.75×104 plants·ha-1），and low （ 4.5×104 plants ha-1）. Taking thelocalconventionalplanting modeofthese fourvarieties as thecontrol，thestudyexplores theefectsof densityon key agronomictraits，drymateraccumulation，yield，andfiberqualityofspringopen-fielddirectseededcoton.Thersultssow thatwiththeincreaseofplantingdensity，thenumberoffruitbranches，numberofbolsperplant，bollweight，andlint percentage ofeachvariety significantly decrease.The plant heightfirst decreases and then increases.Thedry mater weightsof roots，stems，leaves，bollshells，unginnedcottonandsingleplantallsignificantlyreduce.Fiberqualityismainly influencedby varietyandthemcronairevaluesgnicantlydecreaseswithincreasingdensityVarietydensityandinteractionofarietyby densityare the main factorsaffecting unginned cotton yield.The variety DM1O at a planting density of 9×104 plants·ha-1 achieves the highest unginned cotton yield of 4934.84kg⋅ha-1 ，which isequivalent to theyield of CK4， with a source sink ratio of0.43.Thesefindings indicate thatselecting suitablevarietiesandoptimalplanting densities for springopen-fielddirectseeded cotton can effectively mitigate residual plastic film pollution at its source.

Keywords：Density; open-field direct-seeded;cotton; economic traits; interactionof variety by density

棉花是鲁西北地区重要的经济作物，地膜覆盖技术是该区棉花生产的主要栽培模式，具有明显的增温保[]、抑盐防草[2-4]、提高肥料利用率[5]等作用，对提高棉花单产水平和稳定棉花总产量具有极大贡献。（剩余8989字）