航空制造金属工装温度对复合材料零件加工精度影响研究

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Effects of metal tooling temperature in aerospace manufacturing on machining accuracy of composite components

YANG Chun*，XIE Haiyang，REN Jiahui，HE Kai，HUA Wenlong （Aerospace Haiying（Zhenjiang） Special Materials Co.，Ltd.， Zhenjiang 212000）

Abstract：This studyaddresses dimensionaldeviations incompositepart machining inducedbythermalvariationsof metal tooling，comparing 6O61-T6aluminumallyand Q235Bcarbonsteel.Controlled experiments involving stepwiseandcyclic temperature protocols （2OC±4C）wereconducted，withreal-timedeformation monitoredviaahigh-precisionlasertracker. Results demonstrate that a2-meter aluminum tooling exhibits significant lengthwise deformation （±0.18 mm）under ±4 ℃ fluctuations，whereas its steel counterpart shows only ±0.08 mm.The measured thermal expansion coefficient for aluminum （23.2×10-/℃） matches theoretical values，while steel's coefficient （ 11.8×10-6/∘C ） slightly exceeds predictions，potentially duetoresidual stressrelaxation.Thesefindingsvalidatethesuperiorthermal stabilityofsteel toling，offeringcritical insights for material selection in high-precision composite manufacturing.

Keywords：aluminum fixture; Q235 stelfixture;thermal expansion characteristics;compositecomponent machining; dimensional variation

1引言

复合材料零件因其优异的性能得到了广泛应用。（剩余7422字）