膝关节髋周脂肪垫水肿的解剖学基础、病理机制与临床研究进展

关键词：膝关节；脂肪垫；撞击；宾骨偏移

中图分类号：R323.7文献标志码：A 文章编号：1001-5779（2025）07-0656-05

DOI：10.3969/j.issn. 1001-5779.2025.07.007

Progress in anatomical basis，pathological mechanism and clinical study of peripatellarfatpad oedemaof theknee joint

YANG Zhou-xin1，ZHANGDi，WU Zhen-yu² （1.The First School of Clinical Medicine，Gannan Medical University；2. Department of Medical Imaging， TheFirstAffiliated HospitalofGannanMedical University，Ganzhou，Jiangxi 341000）

Abstract：The peripatellarfatpadisadynamic fatystructure located insidethe jointcapsuleandoutsidethesynovial membrane thatadapts tochangesintheluminalspaceduringknee motionthroughdeformation.Bonystructuralabnormalities （e.g.，patelofemoral malalignment），biomechanical disturbances，and increased sportloading canleadto mechanical injurytotheperipatelarfatpad.Althoughpathologicalprocessssuchassynovitis，tumoursorfibrosiscanaffectthe peripatellarfatpad，themechanicaletiologyhasnotbeenfully elucidated.Intheradiologicaliterature，"impingement" isusedasakeytermtodescribethretypesofstructuralabnormalitiesoftheperipatellarfatpad：oedemaofthesuperiorolateral Hoffa's fat pad（SHFP），oedemaof thesuprapatelarfatpad（SFP），andoedema of the prefemoral fat pad （PFP）oedema， which share acommon pathological basisof abnormalmechanical stress.Based on theanatomical and biomechanical propertiesofthekneeextensorapparatus，hispapersystematicallyinvestigatesthecausalassciationetweenpatellofemoral jointdisplacement （including staticalignmentabnormalityand dynamictrajectorymalposition）andtheabove mentioned peripatellr fatpadoedema.Literatureanalysis showed that SHFPoedema was significantly asociated with patelar elevationandglidedysplasia；SFPoedema was mostlytriggeredbydirect impingementofthesuperiorpoleofthepatella; and PFPoedema was closelyassciated with chronic friction due to patelofemoral mal-tracking.Future studies need to integratedynamicimagingandcomputermechanicssimulationtoconstructapredictionmodelformechanicalperipatellar fat pad injury，aiming to provide a new perspective for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Key words：Knee joint；Fat pad；Hit；Patellar displacement

关节腔内脂肪组织的堆积组成关节脂肪垫。（剩余10776字）