微毛芥族植物叶绿体基因组与其多倍体植物二倍化研究进展

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中图分类号 S321 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731(2025)24-0120-04

DOI号 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.24.024

Progress in the research of chloroplast genomes and post-polyploid diploidization in the Microlepidieae

CHEN Yinyin ZHU Jing CAO Yi ZUO Sheng (College ofLife Sciences,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241oo2, China)

AbstractThe research progress on chloroplast genomics and post-polyploid diploidization plants in the tribe Microsisymbrieae of the Brassicaceae family was reviewed. Chloroplast genomes typicall exhibit a circular doublestranded structure,consistingofalarge single-copyregion,asmallsingle-copyregion,andtwo invertedrepeatregions, characterized byaconserved quadripartite architecture.They serve as important tools for studying plant phylogenetics. The sequenced chloroplast genomesof29 species in this tribe range in size from 153821 to155337bp,withastable GC content of approximately 36.4% .Phylogenetic analyses indicated that the tribe Microsisymbrieae was a monophyleticgrouporiginating from allopolyploidization,withvaryingdegres of diploidizationobservedamong its internal evolutionary lineages.The heterogeneity indiploidization processes has led todiversificationinchromosome numbersand genomic structures within the tribe.Therate of diploidization is associated with factors such as lineage divergence within the tribe,morphological differentiation,selection pressureonnucleo-cytoplasmic interaction genes, andshiftsinlife history strategies，highlighting thecomplexrelationship between genomic restructuring and morphological evolution.This review provides areferenceforphylogenetic reconstruction within the Brasicaceae plant groups.

KeywordsBrassicaceae; Microlepidieae; chloroplast genome; phylogenetics; polyploid

叶绿体是植物、藻类和蓝藻中的半自主细胞器，拥有一套完整的基因组，可进行自主遗传[1-2]。（剩余6966字）