适宜红壤旱地机械化收获的高产花生品种筛选

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中图分类号 S565.2 文献标识码A 文章编号 1007-7731（2025）24-0020-04

DOI号 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.24.005

Screening of high yield peanut varietiessuitable for mechanized harvesting inred soil dryland

LYU Fengjuan1²ZHANG Zhihua² WANG Ruiqing² LYU Rujie² WEI Lingen² LIN Hongxin HE Junhai² （1Jinggangshan Red Soil Research Institute，Jinggangshan Branch，Jiangxi Academy of AgriculturalSciences， Ji'an 343016， China; 2Soil and Fertilizer & Resources and Environment Institute， Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Nanchang 330200， China）

AbstractTo identify peanut varieties suitable for mechanized harvesting inredsoildryland of Jiangxi Province，8 local main cultivars （lines）were evaluated，including HP1（Ganhua No.8），HP2（Zhongkaihua 826），HP3（Ganhua 14- 06），HP4（Hanghua No.2），HP5 （Qianyou No.1）， HP6 （Shanyou 52），HP7（Qianyoufense），and Xiaobaisha （CK）. Systematicasessments were conducted ontheiragronomic traits，key mechanical characteristics，and yield performance.Theresultsshowed that the main stem heightof alltested varieties （lines）（55.2-72.Ocm） met the requirements for mechanized harvesting，andthe pod-bearing range （2.7-7.7cm）satisfied the basic conditions for mechanized harvesting.Mechanical propertyanalysisrevealed that，exceptfor HP4，thepedicel strengthof theother varieties （8.85-11.14 N）was atamoderate level， which can reducemechanized harvesting loses.The pod shelstrength exhibited a mechanical gradient of lateral > frontal > vertical orientation，with HP3 and HP4 showing the best performance inallthreedirections.Yield measurements indicated that HP3achieved significantly higherfresh pod yield （7 343.6kg/hm2 ）anddrypodyield（4 977.2kg/hm2 ）compared to other varieties（lines）（ P <0.05）.Based on comprehensiveagronomic traits，mechanicalproperties，andyieldperformance，Ganhua14-O6combines theadvantages of suitabilityfor mechanized harvesting and high yield，making itan ideal peanut varietyfor mechanized production in redsoil dryland.Thisstudy provides areferenceforthe breeding of peanut varieties suitable formachineharvesting in hilly areas of Southern China.

Keywordspeanut; red soil dryland; mechanized harvesting; agronomic traits; mechanical characteristics

花生是一种重要的油料作物和经济作物，对保障食用油安全和促进农民增收具有重要作用1。（剩余5105字）