南陵县油茶丰产栽培与综合利用技术

中图分类号 S794.4 文献标识码A 文章编号 1007-7731(2025)24-0068-04

DOI号10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.24.015

Highyieldcultivationand comprehensiveutilization techniques of Camelliaoleifera in Nanling County

YANG Fan

(Nanling County Forestry Development Center, Nanling 24130o, China)

AbstractBasedonthe planting practiceof Camellia oleifera in Nanling County,Anhui Province,the afforestation andcultivation techniques,low-yield forest transformation techniques,andcomprehensiveutilization techniques of Camelliaoleiferainthisarea weresummarized.Thecultivation techniquesforCamelliaoleiferaaffrestation include removing shrubsand other vegetation on theafforestation site,conducting fullreclamationandland preparationon flat or gentle slopes,and adopting horizontal strip land preparation technology for plots with a slope exceeding 15∘ . Select superior Camelliaoleifera varietiessuitable for cultivation inthestudy area (suchas Changlin 53,Changlin40, Changlin4,etc.); the planting timeofCameliaoleifera is preferablyfrom Decemberto March ofthefollowing year,and theinitial planting densityis1110 plants perhectare.Apply0.2 kgof slow-releasecompound fertilizeror5kgof stable manure per hole.During the dry season,water replenishmentand irrigation should be carried out in the early morning or late evening. Carry out timely hoeing，weeding,replanting,shaping and pruning and other nurturing measures; timelyand deeply burythediseasedbranches,andrationalyutilize natural enemy insectssuchasChilocorus rubidusand Rodoliarufopilosa forecological regulation.Low-yield forest transformation techniques include optimizing the forest stand structure through manual thinning,dense forest transplantation, etc.,cutting down shrubs and grass, andappropriately increasing the application of compound fertilizersof phosphorus and potassium.Optimize the tree structure by adopting natural round-head shapes,dispersed and layered shapes,etc.Periodicallycarryout shallow and deep ploughing,reclamationand loosening of the soil.Comprehensiveutilization technologies include standardizing fruitharvesting and shelling processs,optimizing oil processing techniques,and expanding channels for theutilization of by-products.This article provides a reference forthe high quality development of the Camelia oleifera industry.

KeywordsCamelliaoleifera;affrestationcultivation;low-yield forest transformation;comprehensiveutilization

油茶种植广泛，是木本食用油料树种之一，不饱和脂肪酸含量在 90% 以上。（剩余6037字）