施氮对重庆江津地区九叶青花椒种植园土壤性状和果实产量、品质的影响

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中图分类号：S606；S573.9 文献标志码：A 文章编号：：1003—8981（2025）03—0150—11

Abstract：【Objective】Thisstudyaims toaddress the issuesofsoil proterties degradation，andrestricted fruit yield andqualityof Zanthoxylum armatum var.novemfolius in Jiangjin District， Chongqing，causedbyunreasonable nitrogen application.Itexplorestheappropriatenitrogenapplicationlevels，optimizesfertilization strategies，andpromotes the sustainable development of the local pricklyash industry.【Method】Atwo-year field experiment was carried out inJiangjinDistrict，Chongqing.Taking8-year-oldZ.armatumvar.novemfoliusasthetestmaterialfivenitrogen application levels （NO，N1，N2，N3，N4）withNcontentsof0，135，180，225，and270g/plant wereset.Duringthefruit ripening period，thesoilavailablenitrogenwasmeasured，andthe plant branches，leaves，andfruitswerecollcted to determinethedrymattermassnutrientcontent，fruityield，andqualityofZ.armatumvar.novemfolius，andcalculatethe soilqualityindex.Redundancyanalysiswasusedtoidentifythekeyfactorsrelatedtoyieldandqualityandthepartial least squares path model （PLS -PM） was employed to explore the relationship between nitrogen application rate and tree nutrient status，yield，qualityandsoilproperties.【Result】Treedr-matermass and nutrientconcentratios first increased and then decreased with increasing Nrate.Both insuffcientN（N1）andexcessive N（N3，N4） significantly reduced dry-matter mass and nutrient concentrations by 13.21% and 15.60% on average，respectively. Soil alkalihydrolysableN increased with N rate，whereas soil pH，organic matter，and exchangeable Ca and ΔMg declined markedly. SQI peakedat N2 （0.65）.Yield and quality indices followed the same trend，reaching their maxima under N2， which increased yield by 39.61% and 31.79% ，and comprehensive quality by 148.28% and 107.03% ，compared with N1 and N3/N4，respectively. Redundancy analysis showed that yield and quality were significantly associated with SQ1， leaf N，leafCaandbranch Mg.PLS-PMindicated thatNappication improved soil properties （pathcoefficient was 0.74），therebyenhancingnutrientabsorptionbyleaves，branchesand fruits，ultimately influencing yieldandquality. 【Conclusion】Appropriate nitrogenapplication cansignifcantly improve soil properties，enhance fruit yield andquality. The recommended optimal nitrogen application rate for 8-year-old Z.armatum var. novemfolius is 180g/plant

Keyword： nine-leaf green pepper; nitrogen application level; nutrient absorption; yield and quality; soil quality

花椒Zanthoxylumbungeanum作为中国重要的香辛料和中药材，已有超过2600年的栽培历史[1-3]。（剩余18637字）