不同种类外源硒对薄壳山核桃果实品质的影响

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中图分类号：S664.9 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1003—8981（2025）03—0132—08

Abstract：【Objective】This study aimed to explore the feasibility of improving the nutritional qualityof Carya illinoinensisnuts through exogenous seleniumapplicationandtoevaluateitspotentialinenhancingnutritionalvalueand functional fortification，therebyproviding theoreticalsupportforseleniumregulationinpracticalproduction.【Method】A two-factorrandomizedblock design Was employedduring thefruit expansionperiod，with foliarapplicationof three formsofselenium（ L -selenomethionine，fermented organic selenium，and sodium selenite） atconcentrations of20，40， and 60mg/L .Measurements included fruit morphological parameters，kernel mineral content，selenium content and speciation，fatty acid composition，macromolecular substances，andsecondary metabolitecontents.Data were analyzed using analysis of variance （ANOVA）and multiple comparison tests to assessthe efects of diferent selenium treatments on fruit quality. 【Result】 Treatment with 60mg/L sodium selenite significantly promoted fruit growth， increasing kernel weight by 21.5% compared to the control.The total selenium content of the kernel reached 2.773mg/kg ，butthe conversion rate to organic selenium decreased increasing concentrations. L -selenomethionineand fermented organic selenium treatments showed higherorganic seleniumconversion efficiency （65.4%84.7% ）.Exogenous selenium treatmentsreduced the mass fractionof saturated fattyacid while increasing the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids.Treatmentwith 40mg/L sodium selenite significantly increased crude protein content （92.863g/kg） and soluble total sugar content （33.569mg/g） ，representing increasesof 17.6% and 55.7% respectively compared to the control. 【Conclusion】Different forms of exogenous selenium affected C illinoinensisnut qualityin distinct ways.Sodium selenitetreatment exhibitedthemostsignificant positive effectsonfruit growthandselenium content，but led to excessive inorganic selenium accumulation at high concentrations. L -selenomethionine and fermented organic selenium were more suitablefor fruit selenium fortification.Itissuggestedtoselecttheappropriate seleniumsourcetypeandconcentration based on the target demand in practical production.

Keywords：Carya illinoinensis;selenium treatment; fruitquality;seleniumform

薄壳山核桃Caryaillinoinensis又名美国薄壳山核桃、长山核桃，是胡桃科山核桃属重要经济树种，其果仁富含不饱和脂肪酸、蛋白质、矿物质等营养物质，具有较高的营养价值和经济价值[]。（剩余17604字）