秸秆还田配施氮肥对冬油菜根际土壤微生物群落的影响
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中图分类号：S565.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-4440（2025）10-1962-11
Abstract：To investigate theefectsoffertilizationand strawreturning onrhizospheresoil nutrients，yield，and microbialcommunitycharacteristicsof winterrapeseed，thisstudysetupfour treatments，namely：nostrawapplicationand no nitrogen fertilizerapplication（CK），strawapplicationtreatment（T1），nitrogenfertilizerapplicationtreatment（T2），and combinedapplicationofstrawandnitrogenfertilizer treatment（T3）．Using Iluminahigh-throughputsequencing technology，the bacterial I6S rRNA geneand fungal ITS region were sequenced.A systematicanalysis was conducted on the α -diversityandcommunitystructureofbacterialandfungalcommunitiesinwinterrapeseedrhizospheresoil，aswellastheirre lationships with environmental factors.Meanwhile，soil physicochemical properties and winterrapeseed yield were determined synchronously.The resultsshowed that the rapeseed yield and soil fungal communityabundancein the T3 treatment were significantly higher than those in the CK，T1，andT2treatments（ P<0.05 ）.TheT3treatment ledtothe enrichmentof fungal communities suchasPhaeosphaeria and Cladosporiuminthesoil.Mostfungiofthese two generaare pathogenicmicroorganisms，whichmaycauserapeseeddiseases.Networkanalysis ofenvironmental factors and microbialcommunitiesrevealedthatfourenvironmentalfactors（soilalkali-hydrolyzablenitrogencontent，totalnitrogen content，organiccarboncontent，andavailable phosphorus content）exhibited strongerasociationswith therelativeabundanceofbothbacterialandfungalcommunities.Thesoil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogencontent wassignificantlypositivelycorrelated with the relative abundances of bacteria of the genera Arthrobacter and Flavobacterium （ P<0.05 ）.Bacteria of these generamaybeinvolvedinthecropnitrogentransformationproess.Thefindingsof thisstdyprovideatheoreticalbasis for the rational utilization of straw resources，improvement of soil quality，and increase of crop yield.
Key words：straw return；microbial community structure；winter rapeseed；environmental factors
作物秸秆是重要的可再生资源，具有来源广泛、产量大等特点，其组分富含碳、氮、磷、钾及多种微量元素，同时含有木质素和纤维素类等有机成分[2]。（剩余14134字）
