秸秆还田替代部分化肥对红壤稻田土壤活性有机碳、有机氮含量及相关酶活性的影响

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中图分类号：S154;S158 文献标识码：A 文章编号： 1000-4440（2025）10-1954-08

Abstract：Long-term application of large amounts ofchemical fertilizersinredpaddysoilsinhibitsmicrobial activity，disrupts carbon and nitrogen cycling，and ultimately compromises soil health and paddy field productivity.To optimize the sustainable fertilization strategies for red paddysoils，this study explored the effects ofchemical fertilizer reduction combined with straw returning on soil labileorganic carbon，organic nitrogen content，and relevant enzymeactivitiesbased on the long-term field experi mentfor17consecutive years.Wesetupthre treatments：no fertilizer（CK），high-rate nitrogen，phosphorusand potassiumfertilizer（NPK）andreduced chemicalfertilizercombined with straw incorporation（OF）.Theresults showedthatcompared with CKandNPK treatment，OFtreatment significantly increased thecontentof microbial biomasscarbon，soluble organic nitrogen and microbial biomass nitrogen in red paddy soils （ P<0.05 ）. The overall trend of soil β -glucosidase （ BG ） and N -acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase（ NAG ）activities was OF treatment>NPK treatment>CK. Soil microbial biomass carbon， microbialbiomass nitrogen，andsolubleorganic nitrogen（SON）content allexhibitedsignificantor highlysignifcantpositive correlations with BG and NAG activities.Based on the above findings，the 17-year continuous practice of reducing chemical fertilizercombined withstraw incorporationcomprehensivelyenhancedsoillabileorganiccarbonandorganic nitrogen content， increased BG and NAG activities，and thereby improved soil fertility and quality in red paddy soils.Reduced chemicalfertlizeraplicationcombinedwithstrawincorporationisasuperior managementstrategyfornhancingsoilquality inred paddysoils，whichalsoindirectlyimproves theagriculturalecological enviromentthroughoptimized nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium fertilizer formulation.

Key words：fertilizer reduction；straw incorporation；soluble organiccarbon；soluble organic nitrogen；microbial biomass carbon；microbial biomass nitrogen；soil enzyme activities

在全球人口持续增长、农业生产不断发展的背景下，土壤质量已成为提升作物气候适应能力、实现增产稳产、保障粮食安全的核心要素，良好的土壤质量不仅能够增加作物产量，还能有效增强作物应对气候变化的能力[1]。（剩余12005字）