种植密度和施氮水平对春小麦农艺性状的影响

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中图分类号：S318 文献标志码：A DOI编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2025.11.001

SEffects of Planting Density andNitrogen Application Regimes on Agronomic Traits of Spring Wheat

YU Yang1，2.3，WANG Conglei1，2， WANG Jianhel， LIANG Dan1，3，LIU Dan1， FENG Gang1 （1.InstituteofCrops，ianjinAcademyofAgriculturalSciences，Tanjin3Oo38O，China;2.KeyLabratoryofCropGeeticsand Breding，TianjincademyofAgriculturaliences，anjin3Oo8o，China;3.anjinZhontianDadiTchologyCod 300384，China）

Abstract：ToinvestigatetheefectsofplantingdensityandnitrogenapplicationmethodsonagronomictraitsofwheatcultivarsJinqiangandJiqiang12，fieldexperimentswerecoductedwithdierentdensits（5Oo-50Oplants·andertilation strategies.Planthight，spikenumber，kernelsperspike，totalerelsndOOgrainweightweremeasured.Thersultsshowed that spike number increased with planting density，peaking at 5Oo Ooo plants ⋅hm-2 ，whereas kernels per spike，total kernels，and 1 000- grain weight decreased，with the best performanceat 350 OOo plants ⋅hm-2 . Jinqiang 12 consistently outperformed Jinqiang 11acrossalldensitsncatingrogerdaptablititrogenlaneodssiicatledoictaisie applicationattejointingstage（treatmentb）resultedinthelowestkerelsperspikebutteghestspikenumber，totalkeels，nd 1000-graineightAcrossallfertilizationtreatments，qng2ebedsignficantlyeterieldtraitsndhgernoenuse eficienythanJinang11.Ioclusion，Jiniang1demonstratedstrongeradaptabilityandyieldadvantagesunderplantingensity andnitrogenmanagementbyincreasingspikeumberainsperspike，totalgrainumber，andograinweight，providingabasis for cultivation optimization.

Key words：wheat;planting density; nitrogen applicationregime;agronomic traits; yield potential

小麦是全球范围内重要的粮食作物之一，其产量和品质对人类粮食安全具有重要意义。（剩余8703字）