密度和行距处理对冬小麦干物质积累、转运及产量的影响

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中图分类号：S512.11 文献标识号：A 文章编号：1001-4942（2025)07-0070-07

Effects of Density and Row Spacing on Dry Matter Accumulation and Transport and Yield of Winter Wheat

Cao Mengya，Wang Chao，Luo Yongli (College ofAgronomy，handongAgricultural University/NationalKeyLaboratoryofWheatImprovement，Taian2o18,China)

AbstractWheat yield plays an extremely important role in ensuring food security and promoting sustainable development of agriculture in China.This experiment adopted asplit-plot design with different densities (D1: 3.75 million plants per hectare；D2: 3.O0 million plants per hectare;D3:2.25 million plants per hectare）as the main plot factors，and row spacings （ S1:10cm ; S2:15cm ; S3:20cm ）as the subplot factors. The effects of diffrent density and row spacing treatments on population number，relative content of leaf chlorophyll （SPAD value），dry matter accumulation and transport，and yield of wheat（Shannong 28).The results showed that under the same density treatment，the total SPAD value of the upper three leaves of wheat decreased with the increase of row spacing；the population number of wheat under D1 density was greater than thatunder D3 density，and that under D2 density showed S1>S2 > S3. Under different density conditions，row spacing had a significant effect on population number. With the increase of row spacing，the spike number per unit area decreased，the number of grains per spike increased，and the thousand-grain weight showed an overall increasing trend. The effect of density on wheat yield was D1>D2>D3 . The yield of wheat under D1S1 treatment was 18.08% higher than that of D3S3 （the conventional treatment） and the difference was significant.At the same time，thedry matter transport amount and rate before flowering of wheat under D1Sl treatment were 186.48% and 112.48% higher than those of D3S3 at significant level,and the dry matter accumulation after flowering was 11.59% higher than that of D3S3 with the difference not significant. In conclusion，under the experimental conditions，the optimal density and row spacing combination for achieving high wheat yield was 3.75 million plants per hectare and 10cm

KeywordsWinter wheat； Density; Row spacing; Dry mater accumulation and transport; Yield

小麦是我国三大粮食作物之一，随着社会经济的发展，人们对小麦的需求也在不断增加[1]小麦在我国口粮消费中占比约为 43% ，提升其单产对我国粮食安全至关重要[2]。（剩余10675字）