女大学生创业意向是如何被破坏的？

——基于刻板印象威胁视角的研究

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关键词：女大学生；刻板印象威胁；创业意向；环境信息；性别自信；少数群体；领导性别中图分类号：G441；F270 文献标识码：Adoi：10.3969/j.issn.1672-2272.202505072

How is the Entrepreneurial Intention of Female College Students Destroyed？ From the Perspective of Stereotype Threat Theory

Zhang Hui1 ，Han Mengwei1，Yang Huangmei1，He Liangxing² （1.School of Management， Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications，Nanjing 210oo3，China; 2.School of Business Administration，Nanjing University of Finance and Economics，Nanjing 21o023，China）

Abstract：The gender imbalance in entrepreneurial activities has drawn considerable scholarly attention. However，the phenomenon of female college students，who have experienced a‘gender reversal’ in the educational domain，exhibiting lower entrepreneurial intentions compared to their male counterparts remains insufficiently examined. This paper breaks away from conventional structural perspectives and employs the stereotype threat framework to elucidate the phenomenon of inadequate entrepreneurial intentions among female college students. Through a comprehensive analysis integrating experimental methods （involving 5O senior undergraduate students） and questionnaire surveys （with 536 undergraduate participants），the results indicate that subtle environmental cues activate the stereotype threat effect among female colege students， subsequently diminishing their entrepreneurial intentions. Conversely，the stereotype threat efect does not significantly impact the male colege student cohort. Specifically， ① minority group cues and leadership gender cues in the classroom environment significantly activate stereotype threat effects; ② a negative correlation exists between stereotype threat effects and female college students’ entrepreneurial intentions; ③ gender confidence plays a negative moderating role between unfavorable environmental cues and stereotype threat effects. The research findings offer valuable insights for understanding the deficiency in entrepreneurial intentions among female collge students，optimizing classroom management， and fostering entrepreneurial aspirations.

Key Words：Female College Studen; Stereotype Threat； Entrepreneurial Intention； Environmental In-formation；Gender Confidence；Minority Groups；Leadership Gender

0 引言

性别平等是衡量社会进步的重要指标，也是实现国家现代化的重要内容[1]。（剩余19349字）