人工智能法域外效力的立法基础与制度设计

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中图分类号］TP18；D99 [文献标识码］A [文章编号]1008-1763（2025）05-0120-11

The Legislative Basis and Institutional Design for the Extraterritorial Effect of Artificial Intelligence Law

DU Huanfang，KE Chenliang （School of Law，Renmin University of China，Beijing1Oo872，China）

Abstract： The transnational nature of artificial intelligence （AI） activities necessitates global governance of AI. Given that current international AI regulation is primarily composed of non-binding“soft law”and due to technological disparities between nations leading to legislative gaps in some countries， developing the extraterritorial effect of China's AI legislation emerges as a suitable approach for achieving effective global AI governance. International law does not prohibit states from extending their laws extraterritorially，however，the design and implementation of such extraterritorial application of AI law must meet the“genuine link” standard. China possesses both the national capacity and willingness to implement the extraterritorial effect of AI law.The institutional design should adopt a dual model consisting of AI regulatory law and AI civil liability law. For the former，unilateral extraterrtorial rules should be developed on three levels：territoriality principle，effects-based jurisdiction，and protective principle.As for the latter，specific extraterritorial provisions are unnecessary and can instead be governed by conflict-of-laws rules.

Key Words： artificial intelligence law;extrateritorial effect;extraterritorial application;AI governance

一 引言

党的二十届三中全会明确要求“完善生成式人工智能发展和管理机制”为我国当代最重要的制度建设任务之一[1]34，同时，国务院已连续两年将人工智能相关立法列人计划之中[2-3]，人工智能的立法规制已进入快车道。（剩余22133字）