超越反思的与前反思的：对康德自我意识理论的第三种解释

中图分类号］B516.31 [文献标识码］A [文章编号]1008-1763（2025）05-0112-08

Beyond Reflective and Pre-reflective Interpretation ： A Third Explanation towards Kant's Theory of Self-Consciousness

YU Tianfang（Department of Philosophy，Shanghai Normal University，Shanghai 2Oo234，China）

Abstract：Based on Dieter Henrich's critical discussion，two interpretive ways have emerged in Kant's theory of self-consciousness：the reflective interpretation and the pre-reflective interpretation.The former holds that Kant’s self-consciousness stems from the act of consciousness turning towards itself， while the latter emphasizes the non-relational and non-identificational features of the concept of apperception. These two interpretations also represent two more general explanatory paths for Kant's theory of self-consciousness，namely，the epistemological explanation and the metaphysical explanation. Beyond these explanations，however，there exists another understanding that Kant's self is neither a metaphysical presupposition prior to all consciousness or thinking，nor a knowable object that can be reflected upon or conceptualized，but rather a logical subject that emerges from the unified relations of representations，it was used to explain the normative source of empirical knowledge. Therefore，in Kant’s view，self-consciousness accompanies our formation of a unified representation，but this does not mean that it is implicit or non-relational， nor does it mean that it is the result of representing oneself.

Key words： Kant;self-consciousness; Dieter Henrich;cognitive normativity

根据阿美瑞克斯（KarlAmeriks）的区分，当代学者对于康德“自我”概念的解释可以分为四个阵营，分别是：延续莱布尼茨或者笛卡尔的传统，费希特式解读的传统，源于斯特劳森（PFStrawson）的反观念论传统，以基切尔（PatriciaKitcher）和布鲁克（Andrew Brook）为代表的自然主义解读[1]55-56。（剩余13819字）