网络攻击中的国家责任归因机制研究

——以《塔林手册2.0》为镜鉴

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【中图分类号】D99；TP393.08 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2095-7009（2025）04-0094-09

Research on Attribution Mechanism of State Responsibility in Cyber Attacks ：

Take Tallinn Manual 2.O as a Mirror

ZHANG Zi-ying

（School ofLaw，Zhengzhou University，Zhengzhou 45oool，China）

Abstract：With the rapid development of Internet technology，network atacks are frequent.There have been many cases of cyber-attacks in the world，butdue to practical reasons such asthe dificultyin attributing national responsibility for cyber-attacks，nocountryhas takenresponsibilityforitatpresent.Talin Manual 2.Oelaborates the nationalesponsibilityin detail，which provides some ideas fortheconstructionof theatribution mechanismof nationalresponsibilityfor it.However，duetothelimitationofitsownefectivenes，itisdificulttoefectivelydealwiththeattributionproblemof nationalresponsibilityforcyber-attacks.Thereare stillsome problemstobe solved urgentlyin theatribution mechanism of nationalresponsibilityforcyber-attcks，suchas theidentityof theatacker，the dificultyinobtaining evidence，the dificultyin determining thesovereignty boundary，the dispute overthedutyof due diligence，and theunclearreasos for exemption.Basedonthis，toimprovetheattribution mechanismof national responsibilityforcyber-attacks，itis necessaryto establish a reasonable atribution mechanism of national responsibility in cyber-attacks from the following aspects： clear atribution standard，appropriate seting ofburdenof proof and proof standard，define reasonablyof network sover eignty boundary， strengthen national duty of care and construct systematically of exemption reasons.

Key words：cyber-attack; national responsibility;attribution of responsibility； Tallinn Manual 2.0

在数字时代，互联网技术深度融入社会生活各层面，全球网络互联互通持续深入。（剩余14509字）