考虑真实钻井液流变特性的喷嘴结构优化研究

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中图分类号：TE921.2 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1001-3482.2025.05.003

Study on Nozzle Structure Optimization Considering Rheological Characteristics of RealDrilling Fluid

JI Zhaosheng （TarimDrillingCompany，inopecZhongyuanOilfielderviceCorporation，Korla84ooo，ina）

Abstract： High-pressure jet is an efficient drilling technology widely applied in the oil and gas drilling industry，and the nozzle is thekey to the efficient implementation of this technology.Thecurrent studies mostly use clean water as the medium，which is quite diffrent from the drilling fluid used in the actual field operations.To address this issue，numerical analysis methods were used，and a four-parameter fluid model that could reflect the rheological properties of driling fluid was selected.The morphologies of the high-pressure jet flow fields of driling fluid and water，the impact forces on the rock surface，and the transverse thrust distribution on rock cuttings were analyzed and compared. The influence laws of structural parameters of nozzles on the pressure consumption of drilling fluid and the impact force on rock surface were revealed.Results show thatatthe nozzle outlet，the flow rate of driling fluid is higher than thatof water，buttheconstant velocitycorelengthofdrilling fluid is shorter than thatof water.Thereisa low-velocity and high-pressure area on the target surface directly in front of the nozze，which is the key part of rock breaking.Away from the low-velocity area，the velocity perpendicular to the jet direction first increases and then decreases，which is the main action area of transverse cutings migration.It is preferred that the nozzle diameter suitablefor real drilling fluid in high -pressure jet drilling is7 mm; the dimensionless inletdiameteris 2.25;the dimensionless outlet length is O.45;the dimensionless inlet length is O，and the optimal inlet and outlet angle is 12.5∘ . The field testhasbeen carriedoutin themiddle and upper formation of Southwest Oil and Gas Field with the optimized nozzle.The average rate of penetration ofWell Lu H1-1 is 7.42m/h ，whichis 54.9% higher than that of the adjacent well， namely Lu H1-2. The research results can provide useful guidance for the further application of high-pressure jet technology in the field of drilling.

Key words： drilling and completion; high-pressure jet; nozzle; rheological property

随着川渝地区、新疆塔里木盆地超深油气勘探开发的不断深入，全井提速日益迫切。（剩余7330字）