杂种鹅掌楸花粉母细胞减数分裂进程及染色体异常行为研究

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中图分类号：S722 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000-2006（2025）05-0131-06

Abstract：【Objective】 Liriodendron hybrids（ L* Xsinoamericanum）have excellent characteristics beyond their parents. Currently，litleisknownabouttheirsexualreproductionandseedabortionmechanisms，andtherearefewreportsonthe meiosis processand chromosome behaviorof their polln mother cels.This study provides a detailedobservationof the chromosomal behavior of meiosis in pollen mother cells of L，× sinoamericanum hybrids.The results can provide importantcytological basisforaneuploid breeding，hybridbreeding，andgermplasmresource protectionof Liriodendron. 【Method】Thecollcted anthers were squashed and stained with Carbol fuchsin before microscope study.Photographs of freshly prepared slides were taken with theautomaticcamera of Nikon Eclipse5Oi microscope.【Result】（1）Polen mother cells of L，× sinoamericanum can undergo normal meiosis， 80% of which can complete the meiotic process，and produce normal pollen；（2）meiosis of pollen mother cels isasynchronous.Thepollen mothercellsin different partsof anthers above and below the same receptacles arein diferent stages，and meiotic asynchrony also exists within the same pollen mother cells.（3） 20% of pollen mother cells have obvious chromosomal abnormalities in the process of meiosis， including lagard chromosomes，prematurelyseparatedchromosomes，andmicronuclei；（4）there isadiversityof spindle behavior during meiosis，with a variety of spindles，such as parallel spindles，vertical spindles and 60∘ or 120∘ （2 spindles.【Conclusion】Despite the abnormal chromosome behavior during meiosis of L* hybrids pollen mother cells，most of the pollen mothercelsareabletocomplete normal meiosis and produce pollen with normal morphology，which implies that （20号 L* hybrids is an excellent material that can be used for hybrid breeding and aneuploid breeding.

Keywords：Liriodendron hybrids（ L× sinoamericanum）；pollen mother cell；meiosis；chromosome；chromosamal abnormalities；spindle

鹅掌楸属（Liriodendron）隶属于木兰科（Mag-noliaceae），在植物系统发育中，鹅掌楸属是早期分化出来的较原始的被子植物类群[1]。（剩余11046字）