60个香石竹品种花部表型多样性分析
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中图分类号：S681.5 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1671-4652（2025）05-0117-11
ABSTRACT： Carnation is oneof the most important flowers in the world，with rich colors，elegant flower shapes and a longfreshnessperiodascutflowers.Toanalyze thegenetic diversityofcarnationintermsofloraltraits，1lquantitative floral traitsand 2Oqualitative/pseudo-qualitativefloraltraits of 6O carnation cultivars were tested in accordance with the existing national standard （ .GB/T19557.23-2018） . Diversity analysis，correlation analysis，and principal component analysis wereconducted，along withclusteranalysisof thecultivarsandcomprehensiveevaluationof theirornamental value.Theresults showed that thecoeficientsof variation（CV）forthe1lquantitative traits within species ranged from 3.42% to 10.87% ，while the CV among varieties ranged from 12.74% to 42.19% . The diversity indices for quantitative traits ranged from 1.020to1.666，andthoseforqualitativeor pseudo-qualitative traitsranged fromO.085 to2.079，indicatingrichgenetic diversity.Among the465 traitcombinations，atotalof36 pairsof traits exhibited significantcorrelations，and thecorrelationcoeficientbetweenquantitativetraits（O.844）wasrelativelyhigh.Thecumulativecontribution rate of the nine principal components reached 80.083% ，and an ornamental value evaluation model for carnations was established， with planttypeand numberofflowers identifiedas the mostcriticalinfluencing factors.Clusteranalysis divided 6O cultivars into 4categories. Category I was the monochromatic group;category I was the multicolored group with no anthocyanin coloration in thecalyx；category Il was thelarge-flower group withcrenate and serrte petaledge incisions；category IV was the large-flower group with anthocyanin coloration in the calyx and a reddish hue.The findings of this study enrich the phenotypicdatabaseofcarnations，providecritical references foreffective variety identification，andofervaluable insights for breeding and selection of new cultivars.
KEY WORDS： carnation； floral； genetic diversity； principal component analysis； cluster analysis
香石竹（Dianthus caryophylus L.）又名康乃馨，为石竹科（Caryophyllaceae）石竹属（Dianthus L.）多年生草本植物，是世界上最重要花卉之一，主要分布于欧洲温带区以及中国、日本、韩国、马来西亚等国家[1]，其花色丰富，花形优雅，瓶插寿命持久，具有极高的观赏价值和经济价值[2]。（剩余11875字）
