GA₃ 和CPPU处理对葡萄果实果柄结构的影响

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中图分类号：S663.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1671-4652（2025）05-0096-10

ABSTRACT：Thefruitpedicelservesasacriticalconduitforthetransportofwaterandnutrientstothefruit.Gibberelinsacid （GA）and the forchlorfenuron （CPPU）are commonly used to enhance grape berry size.To investigate the efects of GA and CPPUon grape pedicel structure and water absorption，clusters of Pinot Noir and Einset Sedlessgrape varieties were dipped at 14 days after full bloom with the following treatments：clear water（control，CK）， 25mg⋅L-1GA3 ， 5mg⋅L-1 （204号 CPPU，and 25mg⋅L-1 GA3+5mg∙L-1 CPPU. Changes in fruit size，pedicel structure，and water absorption were measured during the hard-seed stage，veraison and maturity stage.The results showed that allthree treatments resulted inincreased grape fruit size，pedicel diameterand the xylemand phloemareas of the pedicel vascular bundle.Thecombined 25mg⋅L-1GA3 and 5mg⋅L-1 CPPU treatment exhibited the most pronounced effect，and increased the fruit weight of Pinot Noir at maturity by 23.3% ，pedicel thickness by 76.9% ，and the area of xylem and phloem in the vascular bundles by 47.9% and 6.7% ，respectively. For Einset Seedless at maturity，it increased fruit weight by 52.7% ，pedicel thickness by 32.3% ，and the area of xylem and phloem in the vascular bundles by 80⋅2% and 24.9% ，respectively. 25mg⋅L-1GA3 primarily increased the xylem area，while 5mg⋅L-1 CPPU favored an increase in phloem area. Additionally， 25mg∙L-1GA3 and 5mg⋅L-1 CPPU treatments increased water absorption in fruit at the green-hard stage and veraison stage，with the order of effectiveness being 25mg∙L-1GA3+5mg∙L-1 CPPU>25 mg·L-1 GA3>5mg∙L-1 （204 CPPU > CK. In conclusion， GA3 and CPPU promoted an increase in the vascular bundle area of fruit pedicels，which could facilitate water transportand subsequentlyinfluence fruitexpansion.Thesefindings oferanewperspectiveforfurther analyzingthe mechanisms underlying fruit expansionand provideanimportant referenceforthedevelopmentof inovative technologies or cultivation practices aimed at enhancing fruit expansion in grape production.

KEY WORDS： grape; GA3 ;CPPU；pedicel;vascular bundle

葡萄（Vitis uini feraL.）为葡萄科葡萄属藤本植物，栽培历史悠久，分布范围广，是世界主产水果之[1]。（剩余12354字）