短棒黑木耳采收机研制与试验

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中图分类号：S225 文献标识码：A 文章编号：2095-2953（2025）10-0038-06

Abstract：With thecontinuous increase in the output of short-stick black fungus andrising labor costs，the traditional manual harvesting method hasbecome dificult to meetthedemandsof industrial development.This studyaims to develop an eficient automatic short-stick black fungus harvester to enhance harvesting eficiency，reduce labor intensity，andpromote the intelligentandeffcientdevelopmentof theblack fungus harvesting industry.Theresearch firstreviews thecurent status of black fungus harvesting，points out the problems with traditional methods，and emphasizes the necesity of developing mechanical harvesting technology.Aiming at the characteristics of short-stemmed black fungus，a new type of harvester was developed，with its core being a precise cuting method where the harvesting tray remains stationary while the motor-driven cuter rotates.Additionaly，a dual-station harvesting device wasdesigned to enhance the flexibilityand adaptabilityof theequipment.Moreover，the keycomponents of the harvester，such as the harvesting tray and the cutting tool，were analyzed through statics simulation，confirming hat their strength and stiffess meetthe designrequirements under working conditions.To verifytheactual performance of the harvester，field trials were conducted ina black fungus productionbase in Longquan City，，Zhejiang Province. The trialresults indicated thatcompared with manual harvesting，the harvester could significantly reduce harvesting time，improve harvesting eficiency，and maintain a high level of ear piece integrityrate during the harvesting process. According to the experimental statistics，the harvesting efficiency of the harvester could reach 124kg/h ， with an ear piece integrity rate of 98.5% ，demonstrating excellent working performance and economic benefits.

Key words：black fungus with short sticks；automatic harvester;harvesting eficiency；statics analysis；field trial

黑木耳是我国传统的食用菌种类，种植范围遍及全国，是产量仅次于香菇的第二大食用菌[1-3]。（剩余5913字）