陕西汉中古茶树资源表型性状遗传多样性分析

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中图分类号：S571.1 文献标识码：A文章编号：1000-3150（2025）12-84-6

Abstract： To clarify the distribution and phenotypic diversityof ancient tea tree germplasm resources in the Hanzhong region of Shaanxi Province and to provide abasis for resource conservation and local variety breeding，asystematic survey of ancient tea tree resources was conducted from 2016 to 2O23 in the main tea-producing counties within Hanzhong City.This survey wascariedoutthrough methods includingdata review，field investigations，andinterviews withlocalresidents.Atotalof39representativeindividualplants wereinvestigated，anddiversitystudieswereconducted on19 phenotypic trait indicators using thecoeficientof variationand cluster analysis.The results showed that Hanzhong's ancient tea tre resources are mainly distributed in the tea-producing counties south of the Han River，encompassing two ancient tea tree groups （Nanzheng District and Xixiang County）and19 scattered individual plants.The mainmorphological traits exhibit abundantvariation，includingquantitative traits suchas ground diameter（5.7-28.6cm）， tree height （1.3-4.5m） ），leaflength （6.6-13.4cm） ，andleafwidth （2.6-5.6cm ），withcoefficients ofvariation of 33.00% （20 24.13% 15.98% ，and 14.28% ，respectively.The diversity indices for qualitative traits such as leaf color，leaf tooth density， andleaf tooth depth were1.091，1.049，and 0.945，respectively.Basedonphenotypic traits，clusteranalysis divided the tested resources into two groups.Hanzhong's ancient tea tree germplasm resources possssrich phenotypic diversity andabundant variation，harboring excellentphenotypic traitssuch as talltreesize，unique leafcolor，andleafshape，and exhibit high potential for germplasm resource breeding.

Keywords： Hanzhong， ancient tea tree， germplasm resources， phenotypic traits， diversity analysis

属江北茶区，位于两山（秦岭、巴山）之间，气候温润，降雨充沛，极其适宜茶树生长。（剩余5445字）