基于AIE聚合物的荧光复合纤维制备及性能研究

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中图分类号：TS101.8 文献标志码：A DOI：10.13338/j.issn.1006-8341.2025.05.004

Abstract In order to reduce the influence of fiber matrix on the luminescence characteristics of fluorescent dyes，fluorescent fibers with excellent fluorescence and luminescence stability were prepared by wet spinning using AIE active fluorescent polymers （FP-1 and FP-2） as additives and thermoplastic polyurethane（TPU） and polyacrylonitrile（PAN） as polymer matrices.The chemical structures， optical properties，and mechanical properties were characterized via 1H NMR，GPC，SEM，UV-Vis， and PL.The results indicate that the PMMA molecular chains in FP-1 and FP-2 not only restrict the intramolecular rotation of the fluorophores but also prevent their close contact through physical isolation，thereby enhancing the luminescence eficiency of the fluorescent polymers.When the addition amount of FP-1 andFP-2 in the fiber matrix is only 1.0% ，theprepared fluorescent fibers exhibit excellent luminescence performance （yellow and red fluorescence）.Moreover，the PMMA chain forms a hydrophobic microenvironment within the fiber matrix，and simultaneously forms molecular chain entanglements with the fiber polymer matrix，thereby enhancing the luminescence stability.Due to the low addition amount of the fluorescent polymers and their uniform dispersion in the fiber matrix，the addition of the fluorescent polymers does not affect the mechanical properties of the fibers.The prepared fluorescent TPU fibers have excellent fluorescence performance， good tensile and flexibility，and certain application potential in functional textiles.

Keywordsfluorescent fiber；AIE polymers；wet spinning；fluorescent property

0 引言

发光纤维材料在柔性显示[1]、安全和防伪[2-3]多功能传感[4等领域有着巨大的应用前景。（剩余12091字）