医院建立母乳库的伦理困境与应对策略分析

[关键词]母乳库；捐赠母乳；伦理困境

[中图分类号]R-052 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]1001-8565（2025）11-1441-06

DOI：10.12026/j.issn.1001-8565.2025.11.09

Abstract： Breast milk is the optimal natural food for newborns.However，some newborns cannot receive maternal breast milk due to reasons such as mother-infant separation or insuficient lactation.The establishment of human milk banks （HMB） can efectively address these issues，thereby increasing the breastfeeding rate among hospitalized newborns and improving their quality of survival.However，HMB in China is still in the development and improvement stage.Its implementation involves a series of ethical issues，such as informed consent，privacy protection，economic incentives，quality and safety，and fair resource distribution，which hinder HMB’s widespread promotion. Therefore，discussing the ethical dilemmas faced by the widespread establishment of HMB in China’s hospitals and analyzing coping strategies are crucial for improving the breastfeeding rate of newborns. This paper deeply analyzed and sorted out the ethical issues and challenges currently faced by HMB in China，and proposed corresponding strategies，including“ensuring informed consent and voluntary participation of both donors and recipients，”“protecting the privacy of donors and recipients，” "establishing an ethics-based moral incentive and social support system，”“strictly controling quality and safety issues”，and“developing fair and rational policies，”aiming to provide a reference solution for addresing ethical concerns in the establishment and operation of HMB.

Keywords：humanmilkbank;donorhumanmilk;ethical dilemma

随着全球可持续发展目标的不断推进，加强母乳喂养和降低新生儿死亡率的创新策略日益受到人们的广泛关注和重视。（剩余10232字）