凤庆古茶树种质资源表型性状及生化成分多样性分析

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中图分类号：S571.1 文献标识码：A文章编号：1000－3150 （2025） 06-71-9

Abstract： In order to better exploit and utilize the genetic resources of Fengqing ancient tea plants， genetic diversity of phenotypic traits and biochemical components of 50 Fengqing ancient tea germplasm resources were analyzed. The results show that the genetic diversity index of 32 descriptive traits ranged from 0～1.34 ， with an average of 0.75. The coefficient of variation of 14 quantitative traits ranged from 0 to 45.25% ， with an average of 24.67% . Principal component analysis shows that the cumulative contribution rate of the first 13 principal components was 77.17% . Among them， leaf width， bud and leaf downy hair， leaf tooth density， ovary downy hair， petal length and petal number were the main factors that show differences in the phenotypic traits of Fengqing ancient tea resources. The coefficient of variation of free amino acids in the main biochemical components was the largest （22.13%） ）. The lowest coefficient of variation was water-soluble matter （5.86%） ）. At the same time， 40 high tea polyphenol resources and 8 low caffeine resources were selected from the 50 ancient tea resources based on the biochemical component analysis. Based on the contents of biochemical components， the 50 ancient tea resources can be divided into four groups.

Keywords： Fengqing ancient tea， phenotypic characters， biochemical components， diversity

古茶树，通常是指历经长期自然生长或人工培育，树龄达百年及以上的茶树。（剩余9554字）