图像、文本、禳灾仪式：敦煌文学的生成与阐释发微

——以《白泽精怪图》研究为中心

打开文本图片集

中图分类号：G256.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-4106（2025）03-0122-10

Images，Texts and Rituals for Dispelling Disaster： The Production and Interpretation of Dunhuang Literature

—Focusing on a Study of Baize Jingguai Tu

GONG Weijun XU Yue （SchoolofLiberal Arts， Jiangsu University，Zhenjiang212o13，Jiangsu）

Abstract：Asarepresentative work among Dunhuang literature thatcombines both images and text，Baize Jingguai Tu （Illutrated CompendiumofMonstersandthe Sacred Baize Beast）is essentillyawitchcraft document inspired bythe auspiciousBaizebeastthatwasmeant tobeusedforthepurposeofdispellngevilspirits.The textoftemanuscriptalsoreveals howcommon peopleunderstoodanddealt with“monsters”ingreatdetail.The ilustrations mainlyconcentrateontwo themes， namelydispelingdisasterand waringofimpendingcalamities，twopracticaldemonstrationsof“utilitarian”secularliterature that were writen with theactive participationofthecommonpeople.The inputofthelocalpopulaceandthe detailedrecordsof variouson-standardrituals basedonthebeliefintotemiccreationandthetransformationofobjects into spiritsareexceptional characteristics foranancientmanuscript.Infact，theexistenceoftheBaizeJingguaiTuitselfcanberegardedasauniqueeventin ancient Chinese literature，because itoriginatedfromtheituals that wereanintegralpartofdailylife，andbecausethe majorityof itscontent，includingthelanguageusedandthevisualimagery，camefromthemindsofthecommonpeople.Studyof this document provides anew perspective forunderstanding the productionof ancient literature andtheconstruction offolk ritual traditions in Dunhuang.

Keywords：Baize Jingguai Tu; texts;disaster-dispelling rituals; Dunhuang literature

图像与文本的关系是视觉研究和文化研究中深刻而复杂的主题。（剩余11181字）