东晋—北魏时期播龚兼击鸡娄鼓图像研究

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中图分类号：K879.4；K879.44 文献标识码：A 文章编号：000-406（05）03-0080-0

A Study on the Images of the Tao and Jilougu Performances from the Eastern Jin to the Northern Wei Period

ZHAO KunyuJIA Zhenghui² （.Yungang Research Institute，Datong O37007， Shanxi; 2.School ofMusic，ShanxiUniversity，Taiyuan O3ooo6， Shanxi）

Abstract：The earliest images of people playing the tao，a small drum that was shaken in one hand similar to a drum-shapedratle，and thejilougu鸡娄鼓，atypeofum-shaped drum，which include specific datescanbefoundin themurals in Dong Shou'stombincontemporaryAnyueCounty，North Korea.Thesepaintings werecreated inthethirtenth yearof the Yongheera （357CE）;whilethe most recent depictions located in Zhang Zhilang'stombare from the Pingcheng era of the Northern Weidynasty（460CE）.Iconographic materials haverarelybeentaken intoaccountinprevious studiesontheorigins， historyandevolutionofancientdrum performances，andasaresult，thecurrnt stateofresearch islackingakeysourceof information.According toidentical images foundinthetombsinthe HexiRegionsandin Goguryeo，andbasedonan investigationofthehorsebackmusiciansbeatingthe taoandthepi（akindofsmaldrumused inthearmy）inthe tombsofthe SixteenKingdoms period in the Guanzhong Region，this paper hascometo theconclusion thatboth typesofperformances originated from the windand drum music of the Han dynasty，and that both were originall played as military music.Among thesemages，thepaintingsofmusiciansbeatingthetaoandjilouguatthesametimehavebenfoundinearlierdepictionsinthe portraitbricksoftheWeiandJintombs intheHexiregions，andhadafar-reachingimpactonthetombartofancientChina.

Keywords：tao; jilougu; jiao （horn）; wind and drum music

播轰兼击鸡娄鼓演奏形式的出现时间与源地，已见成果多为始于初唐、源于西域，并将此奏法归于古代西域人的创造。（剩余12206字）