蔬菜叶绿体基因组的研究及应用进展

中图分类号：S602 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1008-1038（2025）07-0036-06

DOI：10.19590/j.cnki.1008-1038.2025.07.006

Advancesin Research and Application of Chloroplast Genomes in Vegetables

HEDaoshan1，LIUHaotian²，HEHaiyan1，LUO Zhiguo1，XIAOLi1 （1.Xiangtan Institute of Agricultural Sciences，Xiangtan 411134，China; 2. Colege of Agriculture and Biotechnology，Hunan University of Humanities，Science and Technology，Loudi 417OOo，China）

Abstract：Chloroplast of vegetables has independent genomic information，which plays a keyrole in understanding the physiological mechanism of chloroplast，genetic improvement and agricultural application. With continuous innovations in high-throughput sequencing technology，research on chloroplast genomes in plant taxonomyand phylogeny is experiencing explosive growth.In this paper，the structural characteristics of vegetable chloroplast genome were discussed in depth，and itsphotosynthesismechanism，species identification，phylogenetic research and the latest application progress in the field of chloroplastgenetic engineering were summarized.This paper aimed to provide a reference for further understanding the functional mechanism of vegetable chloroplasts.

Keywords：Vegetables；chloroplast genome;basic structure;origin and evolution;systematic development; genetic engineering

叶绿体是高等植物细胞内具有半自主性的双膜细胞器，不仅是进行能量转换和光合作用的核心场所，还深度参与核苷酸、氨基酸、色素蛋白等多种物质的代谢过程，在植物生命活动中发挥着至关重要的作用。（剩余9638字）