渭北旱地冬小麦监控施肥试验研究初报

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中图分类号：S512 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0488-5368（2025）09-0060-06

Abstract：To address the problem of excessive and unscientific fertilizer application by local farmers，a fiveyear on-site fertilization effciency trial was conducted in Qishan County，a dryland area inthe Weibei region， from autumn 2019 to the 2O24 harvest. Three treatments were setup：farmer fertilization，monitored fertilization， and monitored fertilization without nitrogen.Winter wheat growth was tracked from sowing and emergence to maturityand harvest，with analyses conducted on treatment performance and yield components.The results showed that，compared with farmer fertilization，monitored fertilizationreduced the average application of nitrogen by 26.7% ，phosphorus by 33.3% ，and potassium by 37.1% ，while maintaining a high grain yield. This approach significantly improved the partial productivity of nitrogen，phosphorus，and potassium fertilizers，enhanced economic returns，increased soil organic mater and available phosphorus and potassium，and reduced residual nitrate nitrogen in the 0～100 cm soil layer. These studies demonstrate that monitored fertilization plays a important roleinpreservingand enhancingfarmland fertilityand is thereforehighlysuitable for wider application indryland winter wheat cultivation in the Weibei region.

Key Words： Winter wheat；Monitored fertilization;Field experiment；Preliminary study

岐山县位于关中平原西部，地处东经 107∘33′～ 107∘55′ 、北纬 34∘07′～34∘37′ ，面积8.5万 hm2 ，现有耕地3.4万 hm2 。（剩余4902字）