水肥耦合对苹果幼树生长及矿质元素的影响

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中图分类号：S644.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0488-5368（2025）06-0038-09

Abstract：This study explored the efects of water-fertilizer coupling on the growth and mineral element content of young apple trees.The aim was to provide a theoretical basis for water and fertilizer management in dwarf apple cultivation in the Aksu region.The experiment used three-year -old Yanfu 1O/M9T-337 seedlings，with two irrigationquotas and three fertilization levelsapplied.The irigation treatments were W1（179 （20号 m3/667m2 ）and W2（143m3/667m2 ），while the fertilization treatments were ：T1 （5.5-6.5-4kg/667m2） ）’

T2 4.4-5.2-3.2kg/667m2 ），and T3 （3.3-3.9-2.4kg/667m2） ），based on N -P205-K20 ratios.The W1 treatment without fertilization servedas the control（CK）．The results showed that：（1）Water - fertilizercoupling promoted the height and diameter growth of apple saplings.The W2T2 treatment had the most significant effect， increasing height and diameter by 119.21% and 223.74% ，respectively，compared to CK. （2）In the 0～20cm soil layer，the contents of OM（organic matter），TN（total nitrogen），AP（available phosphorus），and Na significantly increased under all treatments，while Mn ， Mg ，and Ca showed no significant changes. In the 2～40 cmlayer，OM，AP，AK（available potassium）， Zn ，and Na significantly increased， while Mg and Ca did not change significantly. In the 40～60 cm layer，AP and Na significantly increased， whereas Mn， Mg ，and Ca remained unchanged. The contents of ΔP ， K ，and Na in leaves also significantly increased. （3） Correlation analysis revealed a highly significant （ P<0.01 ）positive correlation between soil TN and Na with leaf N and Na. Significant （ P<0.05 ） positive correlations were also observed between soil AP， AK，Ca， Mg ，Zn，Mn and their corresponding leaf mineral contents.In conclusion，water - fertilizer coupling promotes the growth of young apple treesand improves soil fertility.Among alltreatments，W2T2 （irrigation quota ： 143m3/667m2 ； fertilization ： 4.4-5.2-3.2kg/667m2 ） is the most effective.

Key words：Apple saplings；Water - fertilizer coupling；Mineral elements;Correlation

引言

矮化栽培具有结果早、果实品质优、产量高、生产成本低、节省土地资源和便于机械化作业等优点，是现代苹果栽培的发展趋势[1，2]。（剩余10466字）