基于茄子种质资源设施栽培表型性状的遗传多样性研究

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中图分类号：S641.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1008-0864（2025）11-0111-09

Abstract：To cultivate newvarieties of eggplant facilitiesand explore good germplasmresources of eggplants，30 eggplant lines from diferent genetic sources were usedasthe materialsand planted insolar greenhouse.Important phenotypic traits in facilitycultivation were investigated，such as plant height，main stem thickness and soon，and geneticdiversitywas analyzed.Theresults showed that therewas diferent degrees of variationamong the14 personality traits measured，with coefficient of variation ranging from 11.387% to 55.014% ，the coefficient of variationoffruit flesh color was the smallest，and the coefficientof variationoffruit type was the largest，indicating thateggplants had rich fruit type variationand strong breeding potential.Thecorrelationanalysisshowed thatthere was significant positive correlation between plant height and single fruit weight，plant height and low temperature tolerance，mainstem diameterandlow temperature tolerance，leaf lengthandleaf width，lowtemperaturetolerance and single fruit weight，and the numberoffruitsperplantand single plant yield.Thecorrelationbetweenother traits did not reach a significant level.Principal component analysis was used to clasify14 personality traits into 4 principal components，with a cumulated contribution rate of 92.625% ，which basically contained most of the information of eggplant phenotypic traits and could be used ascomprehensive indicatorof egplant phenotypic traits. 30 eggplant lines weredivided into 4 groups ata European distance of 1O.After comprehensive comparative analysis，it was found that the Class II performed well and could be used as a parental trial combination.Above results provided reference for future breeding practices.

Keywords：eggplant；genetic diversity；strain；phenotypic traits

茄子（SolanummelongenaL.）起源于东南亚，传人我国后成为主要的栽培蔬菜之一，目前我国的茄子栽培面积居世界首位。（剩余9099字）