水环境中微塑料赋存行为与潜在风险研究进展

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中图分类号：X131.2 文献标志码：A DOI：10.13338/j.issn.1674-649x.2025.01.016

Study on the occurrence behavior and potential risk of microplastics in water environment

GAO Tingting，LU Yanqing ，ZHANG Luohong ，AO Dong （School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering，Xi'an Polytechnic University，Xi'an 71Oo48，China）

AbstractA large number of waste plastics are discharged into the water environment every year. The waste plastics discharged into the water environment are divided into microplastics with particle size <5mm through different ways. As an emerging pollutants，microplastics have attracted high attention from the academic community due to their small size and resistance to degradation.

Summarizes the distribution and pollution of microplastics in the water environment in different regions，and key introduces the toxicological effects of microplastics on the water environment and aquatic organisms，the transmission of microplastics in the food chain，and the potential risks to human health.Studies have shown that the degree of microplastics pollution is closely related to the surrounding environment and human activities. Microplastics can enrich organic pollutants， heavy metals，and pathogens in the environment，and have carrying and shelter efects on them， which will adversely affect the aquatic environment and the health of potential exposed people，as well as the health of the food chain and aquatic ecosystem.Based on this，recommendations are made for research into the potential risks of microplastics to the ecological environment and human health.

Keywordsmicroplastic pollution;water environment;toxicology;human health;environmental risk

0引言

随着工业化和消费水平的提高，塑料制品的生产和使用大大增加，导致环境中塑料污染日益严重。（剩余10111字）