鱼类海洋分枝杆菌的研究进展

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中图分类号：S941.42 文献标识码：A 文章编码：1005-8567（2025）03-0090-06

Abstract：Mycobacterium marinum，a typical pathogen causing zoonotic diseases in both humans and fish， exhibitsa complex infection mechanism with diversehostcharacteristics.Inrecentyears，theincidenceof mycobacteriosiscausedbythispathogeninglobalaquaculture hassignificantly increased.Aditionally，therisein human infectioncases highlights itspotentialpublic healthrisk.Thisreviewsystematicallysummarizes thegenetic diversityof M.marinum，its host adaptationandevolutionary mechanisms，and itspathogenic features in fish and humans.Special emphasis is placed on the molecular mechanisms mediated bythe ESX-1 secretion system，including immune evasion，lipid metabolismhijacking，andregulationofhostcell death.Integrating thecuting-edge application of the zebrafish model in tuberculosis research，this paper proposes an innovative approach to addresshost-specific infectionsthroughtheintegrationofmulti-omicsandsyntheticimmunologicaltechniques，providingatheoreticalbasis for the prevention and control of aquaculture pathogens and the early warning of zoonotic diseases.

Keywords：Mycobacteriummarinum;Fishinfection;Research progress

海洋分枝杆菌（Mycobacteriummarinum）是一种非结核分枝杆菌，能够感染淡水鱼与海鱼，是淡水鱼与海鱼的主要致病菌1。（剩余8371字）