山东省主栽设施果类蔬菜养分投入与环境代价

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中图分类号：X322；S626 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1672-2043（2025）05-1233-12 doi：10.11654/jaes.2024-0626

Abstract：In order to quantify the current nutrient inputs， optimize the nutrient management strategy of plastic shed vegetable， and to achieve high-quality， high-yield， green and efficient plastic shed vegetable production， the nutrient input， soil nutrient status， environmental cost and their relationships of plastic shed fruit vegetables in Shandong Province were systematically quantified based on farmer survey and life cycle assessment， combined with the review of existing literature. Results showed that the average nitrogen（N）， phosphorus（P）and potassium（K）inputs of tomato， cucumber， pepper and eggplant were 743kg⋅hm-2 ， 600kg⋅hm-2 ， 740kg⋅hm-2 . The fertilizer input variation coefficient was high（CV=30.3% - 43.9%）， the high inputs of nutrient caused high nutrient surplus， surface soil nutrient content and environmental cost. The reactive nitrogen loss， greenhouse gas emission， eutrophication and acidification were the highest in cucumber production system， averaged 225kg⋅hm-2 ， 10 058kgCO2e⋅hm-2 ， 124kgPO4e⋅hm-2 and 63.4kgSO2e⋅hm-2 ， eggplant， tomato and pepper followed. The production and application of N， P and K fertilizers were the main contributing factors to the high environmental costs of plastic shed fruit vegetables， accounting for more than 80% proportion. Therefore， in order to ensure the green and high-quality development of the plastic shed fruit vegetable industry， the production cost and environmental cost should be reduced by optimizing fertilization management strategies.

Keywords：plastic shed fruit vegetable; fertilizer input; environmental cost; nutrient accumulation

设施蔬菜因其能延长蔬菜生长周期、获得较高产量在世界范围内得到广泛种植[1-2]。（剩余24347字）