臭氧浓度升高对大田玉米产量及品质的影响

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关键词： O3 ；生物量；敏感性；剂量响应关系；营养物质；矿质元素中图分类号：S513 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1672-2043（2025）05-1135-13 doi：10.11654/jaes.2024-0425

Abstract：In order to more accurately assess the impact of O3 pollution on maize yield and nutritional loss， this study established an opentop chamber（OTC）in the field in Zibo City， Shandong Province， China， to investigate the effects of different O3 concentrations on the yield and quality of Zhengdan 958， a widely planted maize cultivar in northern China. It was found that：under exposure to elevated O3 concentrations of 40， 80nL⋅L-1 ， and 120nL⋅L-1 ， maize yields decreased by 11.0% ， 20.0% ， and 48.2% ， respectively， with a sensitivity index of S3 exposure（the absolute slope of the response relationship between relative yield and O3 dose）of 0.96% ; following O3 exposure， there were no significant changes in kernel starch， protein， or fat concentrations， while K and Zn concentrations increased significantly; however， the yields of kernel starch， protein， and fat， as well as Ca， Mg， P， and Fe significantly decreased. The results indicate that under field-realistic O3 exposure， the yield sensitivity of Zhengdan 958 to O3 exposure is higher than that reported in previous global studies， suggesting that the current research may have underestimated the loss of maize yield caused by O3 pollution in China. Under elevated O3 exposure， the concentrations of nutrients in the kernels remain relatively stable， with even a few mineral elements significantly increasing， but the total supply of kernel nutrients and most mineral elements are significantly reduced.

Keywords： O3 ; biomass; sensitivity; dose-response relationship; nutrients; mineral elements

臭氧（O3）具有较强的氧化性，不仅会直接威胁人类健康，也对全球粮食安全造成严重的威胁。（剩余25886字）