基于灵敏度分析的地铁车体多目标优化设计

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中图分类号：U270 文献标志码：B doi：10.20214/j.cnki. zhgdjt.2025.02.002

Multi-objective Optimization Design of Metro Car Body Based on Sensitivity Analysis

LIUXu，KUANGXichao，HUANGHao （CRRC Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Co.，Ltd.，Zhuzhou 4l2oo1，China）

Abstract：The strength and stiffness of the metro car body are crucial to the safety and comfort of the metro vehicle，and its mass accounts for a large proportion of the whole vehicle，so it is necessry to design it lightweight without affecting the performance of thecar body.Firstly，the finite element simulation of the main load of the car body is carried out，the initial calculation results of the car body，as weleas the mass， strengthand stiffess data of the car body are obtained，and the optimization target is determined. Then， based onthefinite element calculation results，thecontributionof theoptimization variableof aluminum profile thickness to diferent finite element calculation results is screened by sensitivityanalysis，and the optimization object is selected.Finally，a variety of finite element results such as static strength of car body，re-rail car lifting and first-order vertical bending，as wellas lightweightofcar body，are taken as optimization objectives， and the optimization object obtained by sensitivity analysis is optimized by HyperStudy software.Under the condition that the above optimization objectives all meet the requirements，the mass of the car body is finally reduced by 512kg ，thatis，accountingfor 3.66% ，and theidealcarbodyprofiledataisobtained，which provides a reference for multi-objective optimization of the car body structure.

Key words：sensitivity analysis；finiteelement；HyperStudy；metro carbody;multi-objective optimization

车体结构作为地铁车辆的主要承载结构，其结构强度和刚度对运营的安全起着重要的作用，同时车体结构的轻量化设计对整车减重有着重要的贡献，根据电动客车研究，整车质量每降低 10% ，能源消耗就降低 6%～8%[1-4] ，轻量化设计对于地铁车辆也有同样节能减排的作用。（剩余5854字）