基于K-means聚类的城市物流无人机起降机场选址布局研究

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中图分类号：U491；TP391 文献标识码：A 文章编号：2096-4706（2026）05-0022-06

Research on Site Selection and Layout of Urban Logistics UAV Vertiports Based on K-means Clustering

XU ， ³， （1.College ofGeneralAviationandFlight，Nanjing UniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics，Liyang 33oo，China; 2.CAAC East China Regional Administration，Shanghai 2oo335，China; 3.College ofCivil Aviation，Nanjing University ofAeronautics andAstronautics，Nanjing ， China）

Abstract：This paper studies the site selection and layout of urban logistics UAV vertiports in complex low-altitude environments.Itcomprehensivelyconsidersunevenlogisticsdemanddistribution，geometricconstraintsofNo-Fly Zones，and UAV performance limitations，establishes asite selection optimization model with adetour penalty mechanism，and proposes a solution algorithm basedon improved weighted K-means clustering.Theoptimalnumberof vertiports is determined by combiningtheelbowmethodandthesilouettecoeffcientmethod.Simulationresultsshowthatthismethodcanefectivelyavoid obstacles inNo-FlyZones.Theobtainedoptimallayout scheme significantlyreduces thetotalnetwork deliverycostandgreatly improves thesiteloadbalanceandsystemsafetymargin.Sensitivityanalysis ofkeyparametersfurtherverifies therobustnessand feasibility of the proposed scheme under fluctuations in flight range and capacity.

Keywords： transportation planning; site selection and layout; logistics UAV; K-means clustering

0 引言

随着低空经济的蓬勃发展，城市物流无人机配送作为一种新兴的物流模式，凭借其高效、灵活且能有效缓解地面交通压力的优势，正逐渐成为现代物流体系的重要组成部分[1-2]。（剩余7580字）